This dissertation develops precision biofabrication technologies for engineering tissue and tumor models with controlled cellular spatial organization at single-cell and near-single-cell resolution. By integrating single-cell bioprinting, live-cell imaging, spatial transcriptomics, and computational analysis, the work demonstrates that cellular organization is a functional variable that influences cell behavior, molecular state, cell–cell communication, and therapeutic response. The resulting platforms enable patient-informed tissue architectures to be reconstructed, experimentally manipulated, and analyzed in vitro, with applications in cancer modeling, spatial biology, drug screening, and regenerative medicine.
