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In 2020, over 26.8 million people around the world were affected by opioid use disorder, with approximately 2.7 million cases of opioid use disorder in the United States [...]

Opioids such as morphine, oxycodone, and fentanyl effectively relieve acute and post-operative pain, but long-term use can lead to tolerance. Chronic opioid use leads to [...]

The Portland Veterans Health Administration (VHA) provides acute treatment for opioid use disorder through the Substance Abuse Treatment Program (SATP) and Opioid Treatm [...]

Adventure therapy (AT) is a widely utilized treatment modality applied to a range of clients including adolescents, adults, and families defined as "the prescriptive use [...]

People experiencing homelessness, co-morbid chronic medical conditions, and substance use disorder (SUD) make up a disproportionate number of high-cost, high-need patient [...]

Rural communities are disproportionately impacted by the nation's current opioid epidemic. While access to buprenorphine, the gold standard of pharmaceutical treatment fo [...]

Two primary research questions guide the specific aims of the three manuscripts in this dissertation. They are as follows:

1. What are the pain, depressive, anx [...]

Opioid use disorder is a chronic relapsing disease. Relapse is precipitated by cravings for the euphoric, rewarding effects of opioids as well as a desire to alleviate ph [...]