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Opioids such as morphine, oxycodone, and fentanyl effectively relieve acute and post-operative pain, but long-term use can lead to tolerance. Chronic opioid use leads to [...]

Neuronal remodeling is a crucial step towards healthy maturation of synapses, circuits and eventually brain function. This process involves changes in neuron morphology s [...]

Opioid use disorder is a chronic relapsing disease. Relapse is precipitated by cravings for the euphoric, rewarding effects of opioids as well as a desire to alleviate ph [...]

Endogenous cannabinoids, such as anandamide (AEA), have multiple important functions in the brain including modulation of the reward response and neuroplasticity. There a [...]

Sympathetic nerves are lost in the damaged myocardium (infarct) after myocardial infarction (MI), and the relative area of denervation predicts risk of sudden cardiac arr [...]

Pioneer neurons establish the initial nervous system structure by extending axons toward distant targets, but their molecular distinction from follower neurons was previo [...]

Pioneer neurons are the first to extend their axons into a target tissue during nervous system development. Pioneer axon tracts act as a scaffold for subsequent extension [...]

During development, specific combinations of molecular cues guide the proper formation of neural circuits. Neuronal migration, axon guidance, and synapse [...]