Cells in vivo are continuously exposed to a range of small messenger proteins (microenvironmental ligands). Microenvironmental ligands bind to cell-surface receptors and [...]

Interferon (IFN) family cytokines stimulate a broad group of genes known as interferon stimulated gene (ISGs). The primary function of ISGs is to provide antiviral host d [...]

Interferon lambda is critical for host viral defense at mucosal surfaces and contributes unique immunomodulatory effects primarily in epithelial cells. Although expressed [...]

Cachexia and cancer, when intertwined, precipitate severe adverse outcomes for patients, underscoring the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies. This disserta [...]