Malocclusion is a common condition among adolescents, yet its underlying causes remain unclear, with both genetic and environmental factors thought to contribute. Twin and sibling studies provide a useful framework to distinguish the influence of heredity on dental morphology. This study aims to evaluate the extent to which genetic factors contribute to variation in occlusal and dental arch characteristics by comparing intra-pair differences and correlations among monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins, and siblings.
