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Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a growing public health concern, increases risks for adverse maternal and infant outcomes and long-term metabolic disorders. Maternal diet, particularly fat and energy intake, is a modifiable risk factor, yet its relationship to glucose homeostasis during pregnancy and infant birth weight remains unclear. This study analyzed data from the OHSU Pregnancy Exercise & Nutrition Study to examine associations between maternal dietary fat and energy intake, glucose regulation across trimesters, and infant birth weight using dietary recalls and biomarkers of glucose control. Findings aim to clarify dietary influences on GDM risk and inform nutritional strategies for pregnancy.