Heart failure (HF), a clinical syndrome caused by a structural and/or functional cardiac abnormality, is an epidemic. Persons living with HF play a considerable role in managing the syndrome by engaging in HF self-care. Although the past few decades of research have provided significant insight into what HF self-care is and how it can influence outcomes like health-related quality of life (HRQOL), little is known about self-care in many cultures and regions of the world. The purpose of this dissertation was to understand the relationship between self-care behaviors and HRQOL among adult patients with chronic HF in Oman. The specific aims proposed by this dissertation were to (a) identify patterns of self-care behaviors among adults with HF in Oman and (b) quantify associations between self-care behaviors and HRQOL among patients with chronic HF in Oman.