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Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men in the United States, yet few known risk factors are modifiable. Because geographic variation in prostate cancer incidence suggests environmental influences, folate has been investigated due to its role in one‑carbon metabolism, though prior findings have been inconsistent. This case‑control study examined folic acid levels in men undergoing prostate biopsy, comparing cases, biopsy‑negative controls, and clinic controls. Blood folic acid concentrations showed no significant association with prostate cancer risk, and correlations with reported dietary folate intake were low. These findings do not support a relationship between folate status and prostate cancer, highlighting the need for longitudinal studies to clarify timing and exposure effects.