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Abstract

The collagen degradation mediated by host proteolytic enzymes, such as the metalloproteinases (MMPs), is strongly associated to the development of secondary caries at the restorative material-dental tissues interface and periodontal disease. While some potent MMP inhibitors have been identified, their incorporation in the dental biomaterials remains as a challenge due to chemical incompatibility, poor diffusion, and limited substantivity. Therefore, this study is aimed at developing an innovative MMP-responsive nanocarrier to serve as a delivery vehicle for enzyme inhibitors and promote their sustainable and on-demand release. newly designed nanocarrier is based on a micellar nanoparticle composed of a block-copolymer with MMP-9 recognizable/cleavable sequences. For the block-copolymer synthesis, the compounds (N-Benzyl)-5-norbornene-exo-2,3-dicarboximide and 1-{[(2S)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-ylcarbonyl]oxy}-2,5-pyrrolidinedione were synthesized. polymerization was catalyzed by a modified Grubbs catalyst. final block-copolymer was obtained via precipitation in cold methanol and centrifugation, and characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The copolymer (50 mg/mL) was dissolved in an anhydrous mixture of dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide containing peptides with the amino acid sequence GPLGLAGGWGERDGS and N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (1:4:16 copolymer:peptide:DIPEA). After stirring for 27 hr, the solution was precipitated in cold methanol and centrifuged—the peptide-copolymer was characterized by NMR spectroscopy. To form micelles, the block copolymer-peptide compound was first dissolved in DMSO and distilled water was added until reaching the critical micelle concentration (30% v/v aqueous). After 2 days of stirring, water was added until reaching 50% v/v aqueous. The final solution was transferred to dialysis tubing and placed in water. The buffer was exchanged 3x per day for 2 days, then the procedure was repeated once with Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline solution.   The micelles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy after being concentrated. The responsivity to MMP-9 was tested by incubating the micelles in buffer for 24 hr at 37 °C, and further analyzed by TEM.

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