Increasing evidence suggests that greater maternal adiposity during pregnancy is related to offspring risk for mental health disorders, although the mechanisms through which these effects are conveyed remain poorly understood. One hypothesis is that alterations in maternal concentrations of adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin may explain this association. Leptin and adiponectin influence the in-utero environment and glucoregulation in the parent and child, which has implications for fetal development and infant psychopathology.  The goal of the current study was to explore the mechanisms through which prenatal adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) influence the relationship between prenatal adiposity and infant negative affect.