Bone defects can occur after trauma, infection, or oncologic resection and autologous bone grafting is the current treatment option. However, this method has its limitations in more severe injuries as it may cause infection and scarring at donor sites. Thus, developing biomaterials that are osteoinductive with live cells is essential for treating bone defects. We are creating a bone-like structure that are biomineralized to the nanoscale level and embedded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) that undergo osteogenic differentiation without any conventional supplements.