Child maltreatment, which includes all forms of child physical and sexual abuse as well as neglect and mental injury, is an important public health issue. Conducting epidemiologic research is critical for understanding the magnitude of, and specific factors contributing to, child maltreatment within specific populations. This project identifies factors that put Oregon children at increased risk of maltreatment, with a focus on those that could be mitigated through intervention in the pre-birth or early childhood periods. The socioecological model is used as an integrative framework for conceptualizing the array of identified factors.