Benign calcaneal tumors are rare. However, they can cause pain and lead to pathological fractures in patients. Currently, an array of treatment options is available including open and endoscopic curettage in combination with a variety of grafts such as allografts, autografts, and bone substitutes. Previous reports have studied various calcaneal cysts, treatments, and graft types. The purpose of the present systematic review is to evaluate the endoscopic treatment modalities for calcaneal benign bone cysts and present the authors’ preferred technique.