Maternity health is important to the nation and so very important to our progress in the future. Upon maternal health depends on the health of the nation. By gaining the maximum maternal health, the nation will have the cornerstone laid for almost all preventative medicine -- healthy mother, healthy baby, and consequently, a healthy nation. This thesis will go over the historical background of maternity care, including childbirth among primitive people, early civilization, and the beginning of science, to name a few.