This paper is based on a review of the recent literature regarding health IT interoperability. It explores the present status of specific nations to implement interoperable solutions within their existing health IT systems. The benefits of interoperability are examined in-depth, along with the many barriers that stand in the way. Finally, solutions to these barriers are reviewed, as are the requirements for implementation. These solutions are crucial for health IT to deliver the many societal benefits it promises to bring to global health.