This Capstone Research Synthesis examines famine as a persistent social problem and its relationship with oppressive, unjust societal frameworks. Three constitutive research questions evaluate separate facets of this question: the role of oppression in creating famine, the commensurability of responses in relation to cause, and the incorporation of social justice in responses. This synthesis contributes a framework for evaluating the emergence of and responses to famines within diverse systems and establishes structural injustice as a primary target for famine prevention.