Bridging the gap: integrating family involvement in decision-making for implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs)

This qualitative study explores the perspectives of family members of patients who have received ICD or CRT-D therapy to better understand their informational needs and roles in decision-making. Using focus groups and grounded theory analysis, the study identifies gaps in communication, particularly around device function, risks, and deactivation. Findings highlight the importance of early, personalized, and family-inclusive discussions to support shared decision-making. The results inform practical strategies to improve communication and better prepare both patients and their families across the course of device care.