The quarterly infection control report, issued from the Quality Improvement Department in the institution where the clinical inquiry will be carried out, identified an increase in the infection rate after spine fusion surgery in the neuromuscular scoliosis population. The nutritionist and one of the spine surgeons noted anecdotally that most of those same patients were nutritionally depleted at the time of surgery, using weight as the assessing parameter. The identified patients’ weights were at or below the fifth percentile. The question was raised that perhaps these patients needed a preoperative nutritional assessment and intervention to better prepare them for spine fusion and instrumentation surgery to prevent postoperative wound infections.