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Abstract
Information flow in the CNS is mediated by chemical synapses that translate electrical signals through neurotransmitter release at presynaptic terminals, and convert back into electrical signals generated by postsynaptic receptors in the postsynaptic neuron. These synaptic signals are transmitted and integrated to the cell body and axon initial segment, where action potentials are generated when the threshold is reached. In addition, they can alter the efficiency of synaptic transmission, ‘synaptic plasticity’, that is the cellular basis of information processing and storage.