Recent evidence links infant body composition at birth to an increased risk of adult chronic disease. However, few human studies have explored the association between maternal dietary fat intake and infant body composition. Specific dietary recommendations for pregnant women for quantity and quality of dietary fat intake are lacking. Our goal was to investigate the association between maternal dietary fat intake during pregnancy and infant body composition at birth. We hypothesized that increased infant adiposity at birth is positively correlated with high maternal dietary total fat intake.