It has been recently established that the human bladder contains a bacterial community not associated with acute infection. This discovery of the bladder microbiota naturally leads to the question of its influence on the health of the host. Recent results have shown that changes in the composition of the bladder microbiota are associated with bladder disorders. For example, studies have identified characteristics in the urinary microbiota that are associated with symptom severity of urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) and response to the common UUI drug treatment solifenacin. These studies collectively provide evidence that the bladder microbiota is clinically relevant and warrants further investigation.