Plasma cell neoplasms are a spectrum of disorders caused by the proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells in the bone marrow leading to the production of monoclonal immunoglobulin. Included in this spectrum, from least severe to most severe, are monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, smoldering multiple myeloma, and plasma cell myeloma. Each diagnosis carries a different prognosis and requires different clinical management. For example, the median overall survival of patients with Stage I, II, and III PCM has been shown to be 62, 44, and 29 months, respectively, while the median overall survival of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is expected to be only slightly shorter than that of age-matched controls.1-4 Thus, making the correct diagnosis amongst this spectrum of disorders is paramount for the prognostication and proper clinical management of plasma cell neoplasms.